CAS FGOALS-f3-L datasets for the future scenario of the 2°C-target aligned with China’s net-zero pathway

This experiment is a future scenario simulation (SSP2-com) exploring the synergy between the 2°C warming target and China's carbon neutrality, conducted using the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model (FGOALS-f3-L). This experiment provides a dataset intended to present projected results for multiple variables under the SSP2-com scenario from 2015 to 2100. The dataset aids in understanding the fundamental characteristics of future climate change under this scenario and provides a reference basis for near-term climate policy formulation. The numerical model used for this dataset is the FGOALS-f3-L model. This model consists of five components: the Finite-volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP LASG (FAMIL) version 2.2 (developed from SAMIL), the LASG/IAP Climate System Ocean Model (LICOM3) version 3.0, the Community Land Model (CLM4) version 4.0, and the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE4) version 4.0. Flux exchanges between these five components are handled by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Coupler (CPL7) version 7 module. The horizontal grid system of the FGOALS-f3-L model is a cubed-sphere grid, comprising 6 faces, each containing 96 × 96 grid points (i.e., C96 grid points). Globally, the longitudinal direction is divided into 384 grid points, and the latitudinal direction into 192 grid points, resulting in an approximate 1° × 1° horizontal resolution. In the vertical direction, the model uses a hybrid coordinate system with a total of 32 levels and a model top pressure of 2.16 hPa. The anthropogenic forcings prescribed in the SSP2-com scenario experiment include land use, emissions and concentrations of long-lived greenhouse gases, and emissions of air pollutants. Throughout the 21st century, CO₂ remains the primary greenhouse gas, with its concentration projected to peak around mid-century and subsequently decline, reaching 444 ppm by 2100. Other prescribed forcing factors include short-lived greenhouse gases, aerosols, ozone, the latest solar irradiance time series, and volcanic forcing based on historical volcanic eruption records. In the SSP2-com scenario, the coupled climate model CAS-FGOALS-f3-L is driven by greenhouse gas concentrations and integrated from 2020 to 2100. All external forcing datasets were processed onto the model's atmospheric grid using bilinear interpolation. The model output includes 42 monthly mean variables from January 2015 to December 2100, such as orography height (orog), cloud percentage (cl), surface latent heat flux (hfls), surface downwelling longwave radiation (rlds), etc. The output data also comprise hourly, 6-hourly instantaneous, and daily mean datasets. These datasets will contribute to the understanding of future climate change and assist in near-term climate policy formulation.