Programmable Soft-Matter Electronics

The hydrogels of the polyelectrolytes polyethylenimine and poly­(acrylic acid) are used to form a thin-layer interface on the gallium–indium eutectic alloy’s surface. The proposed method of gradually increasing the applied voltage reveals the possibility of formation of electronic components: diode, capacitor, resistor, and memristor. The components can be changed to each other many times. A multilayer perceptron model with one hidden layer and 12 nodes allows identifying hydrogels’ composition and automatically setting the desired architecture of electronic components. The design of electronic components makes it possible to easy-to-produce new electronic parts and programmable soft-matter electronics.