OpenCitations Meta Provenance Database

Compared to the previous version, this release includes provenance data related to citing and cited bibliographic resources added in the September 2025 version of Crossref (https://api.crossref.org/snapshots/monthly/2025/09/all.json.tar.gz), as well as the DataCite Public Data File 2025 (https://datafiles.datacite.org/datafiles/public-2025). This database contains the full provenance data for the OpenCitations Meta database, provided as a dump of the Virtuoso database. It includes a complete history of the creation and modification of every entity. The provenance information is modelled in RDF according to the OpenCitations Data Model (OCDM). Each change to an entity (creation, deletion, modification, or merge) is recorded in a "snapshot", which includes metadata about the agent responsible for the change, the primary source, and the timestamp. Snapshots are linked sequentially to provide a full version history of each entity. This dump contains: 7,976,157,473 quadruples1,378,031,116 snapshotsA full-text index for textual searches.The data is provided as a multi-part 7zip archive. To extract it, please use the provided extraction scripts (`extract_archive.sh` for Linux/macOS and `extract_archive.bat` for Windows). Usage example (Linux/macOS): `bash extract_archive.sh oc_meta_prov_2026_01_20.001 ./extracted_data` Usage example (Windows): `extract_archive.bat oc_meta_prov_2026_01_20.001 .\extracted_data` For more information, please refer to the following paper: Arcangelo Massari, Fabio Mariani, Ivan Heibi, Silvio Peroni, David Shotton; OpenCitations Meta. Quantitative Science Studies 2024; 5 (1): 50–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00292