Results of generalized additive mixed models (GAMM) used to model response variables with respect to the gradient in benthic habitat (Benthic PC1), with Reef as a random variable.

df: estimated degrees of freedom for smooth term (Benthic PC1; 1 =  linear).
p: **p<0.001, *p<0.05, NS p>0.05.
r2: proportion of variation explained by the benthic habitat gradient (negative value  =  model is a worse representation than the Null model).