Data from: Revision, cladistic analysis and biogeography of Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850, Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae)

Three aviculariine genera endemic to Brazil are revised. Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850 is resurrected, including five species; Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 includes two species; and Iridopelma Pocock, 1901, six species. Nine species are newly described: Typhochlaena amma sp. n., Typhochlaena costae sp. n., Typhochlaena curumim sp. n., Typhochlaena paschoali sp. n., Pachistopelma bromelicola sp. n., Iridopelma katiae sp. n., Iridopelma marcoi sp. n., Iridopelma oliveirai sp. n. and Iridopelma vanini sp. n. Three new synonymies are established: Avicularia pulchra Mello-Leitão, 1933 and Avicularia recifiensis Struchen & Brändle, 1996 are junior synonyms of Pachistopelma rufonigrum Pocock, 1901 syn. n., and Avicularia palmicola Mello-Leitão, 1945 is a junior synonym of Iridopelma hirsutum Pocock, 1901 syn. n. Pachistopelma concolor Caporiacco, 1947 is transferred to Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871, making the new combination Tapinauchenius concolor (Caporiacco, 1947) comb. n. Lectotypes are newly designed for Pachistopelma rufonigrum Pocock, 1901 , Iridopelma hirsutum Pocock, 1901 and Pachistopelma concolor Caporiacco, 1947. Cladistic analyses using both equal and implied weights were carried out with a matrix comprising 62 characters and 38 terminal taxa. The chosen cladogram found with X-Pee-Wee and concavity 6 suggests they are monophyletic. All species are keyed and mapped and information on species habitat and area cladograms are presented. Discussion on biogeography and conservation is provided.对3个巴西特有的Aviculariinae亚科捕鸟蛛属开展了分类学修订。其中，Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850恢复属级有效地位，包含5个物种；Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901包含2个物种；Iridopelma Pocock, 1901包含6个物种。本研究描记9个新种：Typhochlaena amma sp. n.、Typhochlaena costae sp. n.、Typhochlaena curumim sp. n.、Typhochlaena paschoali sp. n.、Pachistopelma bromelicola sp. n.、Iridopelma katiae sp. n.、Iridopelma marcoi sp. n.、Iridopelma oliveirai sp. n. 以及Iridopelma vanini sp. n.。确立3项新的同物异名：Avicularia pulchra Mello-Leitão, 1933与Avicularia recifiensis Struchen & Brändle, 1996均为Pachistopelma rufonigrum Pocock, 1901的次同物异名（syn. n.）；Avicularia palmicola Mello-Leitão, 1945为Iridopelma hirsutum Pocock, 1901的新次同物异名（syn. n.）。将Pachistopelma concolor Caporiacco, 1947转移至Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871属，形成新组合Tapinauchenius concolor (Caporiacco, 1947) comb. n.。为Pachistopelma rufonigrum Pocock, 1901、Iridopelma hirsutum Pocock, 1901及Pachistopelma concolor Caporiacco, 1947重新指定选模标本。本研究采用等权加权与隐含加权法，基于包含62个性状与38个末端分类单元的性状矩阵开展分支系统学分析。通过X-Pee-Wee软件、以凹度参数6得到的最优分支图显示该类群为单系群。所有物种均编制了物种检索表、绘制了分布图谱，并提供了物种栖息地信息与区域分支图。文末还就生物地理学与物种保护议题展开了讨论。