Lantana camara isolate:UF-T48 Genome sequencing

This study presents the first annotated, haplotype-resolved, chromosome-scale genome of Lantana camara, a flowering shrub native to Central America and known for its dual role as an ornamental plant and an invasive species. Despite its widespread cultivation and ecological impact, the lack of a high-quality genome has hindered the investigation of traits of both ornamental and invasive. This research bridges the gap in genomic resources for L. camara, which is crucial for both ornamental breeding programs and invasive species management. Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing were utilized to elucidate the genetic diversity and complexity of a diploid L. camara breeding line UF-T48. The genome was assembled de novo using HiFi and Hi-C reads, resulting in phased genome assemblies with high BUSCO scores of 97.7, indicating their quality. All 22 chromosomes were assembled with pseudochromosomes averaging 117 Mb. The assemblies revealed 29 telomeres and an extensive presence of repetitive sequences, primarily long terminal repeat transposable elements. The genome annotation identified 83,775 protein-coding genes, with 83% functionally annotated. In particular, the study mapped 42 anthocyanin and carotenoid candidate gene clusters to the assembly, identifying 34 genes spread across the genome that are integral to flower color development in L. camara. This comprehensive genomic study not only enhances the understanding of L. camara's genetic diversity but also sets a precedent for genomic research in the Verbenaceae family, offering a foundation for future studies in plant genetics, conservation, and breeding.