Sexual dysfunctions in women with type 2 diabetes, prevalence and characterization in the Eje Cafetero, Colombia, 2015-2018

Background: The deterioration of sexual functioning in women is one of the main complications of diabetes. Materials and methods: an observational study that analyzed the sexual function of 417 participants. Women over 18 years of age with type 2 diabetes, sexually active in the last 6 weeks, residing in the Eje Cafetero (Colombia) were included. They were recruited from the external consultation, in three private clinics. The Female Sexual Function Index validated in Spanish was carried out. Socio-demographic variables, sexual and reproductive health history, sexual behavior, frequency of global sexual dysfunction, and type of sexual dysfunction were measured. Descriptive statistics of the information were performed. Results: The mean age was 35.19 ± 8.76 years. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in all the participants was 77.93%. The Female Sexual Function Index score in affected women was 22.59 ± 8.43 points. Sexual difficulties characterized sexual desire (77.93%), lubrication (74.58%) and arousal (73.1%). 41.48% had one sexual dysfunction, 26.85% two and 31.65% 3 or more sexual dysfunctions, with a median of 3 sexual dysfunctions per woman. Conclusions: in women from the Coffee Region with type 2 diabetes, there is a high prevalence of sexual dysfunctions, which exceeds half of the population; characterized mainly by disorders of desire and lubrication. Immediate interventions are urgently needed in order to establish an adequate diagnostic and therapeutic plan.背景：女性性功能减退是糖尿病的主要并发症之一。材料与方法：本研究为一项观察性研究，对417名受试者的性功能展开分析。纳入标准为年龄18岁以上、罹患2型糖尿病、近6周内有性生活且居住于哥伦比亚咖啡种植带（Eje Cafetero）的女性。受试者招募自三家私立诊所的门诊科室。研究采用经西班牙语版本验证的女性性功能指数（Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI）进行评估。收集的研究变量包括社会人口学特征、性与生殖健康史、性行为情况、总体性功能障碍发生率及性功能障碍类型，随后对所获数据进行描述性统计分析。结果：受试者平均年龄为35.19±8.76岁。所有受试者的性功能障碍患病率为77.93%。存在性功能障碍的女性其女性性功能指数得分为22.59±8.43分。性功能障碍主要表现为性欲减退（77.93%）、润滑障碍（74.58%）及唤起障碍（73.1%）。其中41.48%的受试者存在1种性功能障碍，26.85%存在2种，31.65%存在3种及以上性功能障碍，每名女性所患性功能障碍种类的中位数为3种。结论：哥伦比亚咖啡种植带的2型糖尿病女性群体中，性功能障碍患病率极高，超过总人群的一半，且主要以性欲障碍与润滑障碍为典型特征。亟需立即开展针对性干预，以建立完善的诊断与治疗方案。