Dataset related to article: "68Ga-PSMA Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography for Primary Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Men with Contraindications to or Negative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Observational Study"

This record contains raw data related to article 68Ga-PSMA Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography for Primary Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Men with Contraindications to or Negative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Observational Study PURPOSE: ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography may represent the most promising imaging modality to identify and risk stratify prostate cancer in patients with contraindications to or negative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective observational study we analyzed ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography in a select group of patients with persistently elevated prostate specific antigen and/or Prostate Health Index suspicious for prostate cancer, negative digital rectal examination and at least 1 negative biopsy. The cohort comprised men with equivocal multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System, version 2 score of 2 or less), or an absolute or relative contraindication to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Sensitivity, specificity and CIs were calculated compared to histopathology findings. ROC analysis was applied to determine the optimal cutoff values of ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen uptake to identify clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score 7 or greater). RESULTS: A total of 45 patients with a median age of 64 years were referred for ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography between January and August 2017. The 25 patients (55.5%) considered to have positive positron emission tomography results underwent software assisted fusion biopsy. We determined the uptake values of regions of interest, including a median maximum standardized uptake value of 5.34 (range 2.25 to 30.41) and a maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio of 1.99 (range 1.06 to 14.42). Mean and median uptake values on ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (ie the maximum standardized uptake value or the maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio) were significantly higher for Gleason score 7 lesions than for Gleason score 6 or benign lesions (p <0.001). On ROC analysis a maximum standardized uptake value of 5.4 and a maximum-to-background standardized uptake value ratio of 2 discriminated clinically relevant prostate cancer with 100% overall sensitivity in each case, and 76% and 88% specificity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the use of ⁶⁸Ga labeled prostate specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computerized tomography for primary detection of prostate cancer in a specific subset of men.