Analysis of Bacterial and Fungal Community Structure and Diversity in Buried Soil of Ancient Ivory in Sanxingdui

As one of the precious heritages of ancient Chinese civilization, Sanxingdui Site carries rich historical information, among which the buried ivory relics have special cultural and archaeological value. However, in the process of ivory burial, in addition to the influence of soil pH, temperature, humidity and other physical and chemical factors, it also faced the potential impact of microbial activities, which may lead to the corrosion and decomposition of ivory. In order to further study this problem, this paper used high-throughput sequencing technology to identify and analyze the microbial community structure and diversity in the buried ivory soil of Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province. Through the preliminary study of the mechanism of action of microorganisms on ivory in the buried environment, we are committed to providing a scientific basis for the prevention and protection of microbial diseases of ancient ivory unearthed in Sanxingdui. Based on sequence of 16S rDNA and ITS, we found high bacterial diversity and relatively low fungal diversity. The dominant bacterial groups were Proteobacteria, GAL15, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Methylobacteria and Chloroflexi. The dominant fungal groups were Ascomycota, Mortierella and Basidiomycota. The microbial community structure in the buried ivory soil of Sanxingdui showed significant differences, and most of the dominant microorganisms may have potential corrosion mechanisms. In view of this, it is particularly important to take a series of measures to control microbial activity, so as to effectively protect ivory.