We-Fi WeTour Women in Tourism Enterprise Survey 2019 - Ghana

Abstract
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The World Bank WeTour Project aimed to contribute to improved knowledge of the characteristics of Women-owned/led Micro, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (WSMEs) in tourism in Ghana and Sierra Leone. It is intended that this knowledge and data will be used by projects and programs in those countries to inform the design of gender-targeted tourism SME support services. This survey is representative of male and female enterprises.

Geographic coverage
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In Ghana, the scope covered three destination areas: Tourism and Tourism-related sectors of Accra, Elmina and Sekondi-Takoradi.

Analysis unit
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Micro, Small and Medium Tourism and tourism-related enterprises

Universe
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The universe of MSMEs in Tourism and Tourism-related sectors of Accra, Elmina and Sekondi-Takoradi in Ghana comprises 2,677 entities identified individually in the sampling frame.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The universe of tourism and tourism related SMEs was constructed in each country using all available sources. For both countries the original sample frame of SMEs was compiled from previous sample frames developed for enterprise surveys by EEC International, the amalgamation of past listings of SMEs from the NSO and other public registries, as well as numerous other sources collated from business associations and other publicly available sources of tourism-related information portals, namely: travel agent reservation systems such as Amadeus and Sabre, tourism and tourism-related websites such as Expedia and TripAdvisor, as well as establishments referenced on Google Maps and appearing on Google Street View. The sample frame for micro enterprises was planned to result from systematic block enumeration in the targeted locations. During the block enumeration, entities were identified by a number on a list and a geographical reference (map or other description of the location), information on its apparent activity (tourism or tourism-related), as well as visible gender composition (no apparent female, no apparent male, mixed presence). Neither the activity composition nor the gender composition were known at inception. The validation of the sample frame consisted in ensuring that there were no foreign elements (activities not included in the universe under study).

The sampling strategy that EECI applied for the Tourism and Tourism related Sectors applying consisted in randomly drawing from the frame of MSMEs a screened sample until the minimum number of male and female respondents targeted was obtained, inclusive of the expected non-response. For Ghana, the frame contained a total of 2,677 entities, of which 1,920 micros and 757
SMEs. A random draw of 271 entities, consisting of 199 micros and 72 SMEs, the same proportions as in the frame, identified after screening 132 female entities (107 micros and 25 SMEs) and 139 male entities (92 micros and 47 SMEs). The entire group of 132 female entities was directed to interviewing (expecting at least 120 respondents), and the first 132 male entities that were screened, were directed to interviewing (expecting at least 120 respondents). For more details see Methodology Note provided under Related Documents.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Cleaning operations
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Data entry and quality controls were implemented by the contractor then data was delivered to the World Bank. The World Bank validated data were validated for logical consistency, flagging problems that were then corrected by the implementing contractor.

Response rate
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The response rate was 92.5% for Ghana. There are slight variations of these indicators by sub-groups of businesses.

Sampling error estimates
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According to sample design, it is possible to generalize survey results (at a precision of 7.5% and a confidence level of 90%) at the sector level, and the respective gender sub-groups of businesses.

摘要
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世界银行WeTour项目旨在增进对加纳和塞拉利昂旅游业中女性拥有或领导的微型、小型和中型企业（WSMEs）特性的了解。预期这些知识和数据将被这些国家的项目和计划采用，以指导性别定向的旅游中小企业支持服务的规划。本调查代表了男性和女性企业。
地理覆盖范围
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在加纳，调查范围包括三个目的地区域：阿克拉、埃尔米纳和 Sekondi-Takoradi 的旅游业及其相关领域。
分析单元
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微型、小型和中型旅游业及其相关企业
总体
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加纳阿克拉、埃尔米纳和 Sekondi-Takoradi 的旅游业及其相关领域的MSMEs总体包括在抽样框架中单独识别的2,677个实体。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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在每个国家，使用所有可用的来源构建了旅游业和相关领域SMEs的总体。对于两个国家，原始的SMEs抽样框架由EEC International编制，该机构是NSO和其他公共登记处过去SMEs列表的合并，以及来自商业协会和其他公开可用的旅游相关信息门户的众多其他来源收集的信息，包括旅行社预订系统（如Amadeus和Sabre）、旅游和旅游相关网站（如Expedia和TripAdvisor），以及Google Maps上引用的场所和出现在Google街景中的场所。计划通过在目标地点进行系统性的区块计数来确定微型企业的抽样框架。在区块计数过程中，实体通过名单上的编号和地理参考（地图或其他位置描述）以及其明显的活动信息（旅游业或相关旅游业）以及可见的性别构成（无明显的女性，无明显的男性，混合存在）进行识别。在起始时，活动构成和性别构成均未知。抽样框架的验证在于确保没有外国元素（不在研究总体中包含的活动）。
EECI为旅游业和相关领域应用的抽样策略是在MSMEs框架中随机抽取一个经过筛选的样本，直到获得目标数量的男性和女性受访者，包括预期的非响应。对于加纳，框架包含总共2,677个实体，其中1,920个微型企业和757个SMEs。通过筛选132个女性实体（107个微型企业和25个SMEs）和139个男性实体（92个微型企业和47个SMEs）后，随机抽取了271个实体，其比例与框架中的比例相同。整个132个女性实体群体被指导接受访谈（预期至少120个受访者），以及首先筛选的132个男性实体被指导接受访谈（预期至少120个受访者）。更多细节请参阅相关文档下的方法论笔记。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
数据清理操作
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承包商实施了数据录入和质量控制，然后将数据交付给世界银行。世界银行验证了数据逻辑一致性，标记了问题，随后由实施承包商进行纠正。
响应率
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加纳的响应率为92.5%。这些指标在商业的子群体中略有差异。
抽样误差估计
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根据样本设计，可以在行业层面上推广调查结果（精确度为7.5%，置信水平为90%），以及相应的企业性别子群体。