A dataset for multi-frequency terahertz sensing using photoluminescence spectroscopy of Rydberg atom vapor

There is a growing interest in the rapid assessment of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy due to its promising application prospects in non-destructive testing, security screening, and communication. In this study, we introduce a swift characterization method for THz spectroscopy utilizing a THz-to-optical conversion system in a warm atomic vapor cell. By subtracting the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of cesium atoms with the THz field from those without the THz field, we obtain differential PL spectra that effectively characterize the 0.548 THz field. The differential PL spectra of Rydberg atoms offer an opportunity to quantify the THz field’s intensity and frequency, potentially paving the way for the development of THz spectroscopy based on warm atomic vapor cells.