Improved global soil salinity and sodicity mapping from 1980 to 2024 through Box-Cox-based sample transformation and feature optimization

We introduce a novel framework that leverages the Box-Cox transformation to address the skewed distribution of samples and incorporates additional critical predictors to enhance the accuracy of soil salinity (measured as electrical conductivity of the saturated soil extract, ECe) and sodicity (measured as exchangeable sodium percentage, ESP) estimates. We provide high-resolution (1 km × 1 km) global maps of soil salinity and sodicity from 1980 to 2024 in GeoTIFF file format in WGS84 for each year. Note: the scale factor for ECe and ESP maps is 0.001. NoData is 4.2949673e+09.