Data from: Properties of spontaneous mutational variance and covariance for wing size and shape in Drosophila melanogaster

We estimated mutational variance-covariance matrices, M, for wing shape
and size in two genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster after 192 generations
of mutation accumulation. We characterized 21 potentially independent
aspects of wing shape and size using geometric morphometrics, and analyzed
the data using a likelihood-based factor- analytic approach. We implement
a previously unused analysis that describes those directions with the
greatest difference in evolvability between pairs of matrices. There are
significant mutational effects on 19 of 21 possible aspects of wing form,
consistent with the high dimensionality of standing genetic variation for
wing shape previously identified in D. melanogaster. Mutations have
partially recessive effects, consistent with average dominance around
0.25. Sex-specific matrices are relatively similar, although male-specific
matrices are slightly larger, as expected due to dosage compensation on
the X chromosome. Genotype–specific matrices are quite different. Matrices
may differ both because of sampling error based on small samples of
mutations with large phenotypic effects, and due to the mutational
properties of the genotypes. Genotypic differences are likely to be
involved, as the two genotypes have different molecular mutation rates and
properties.