YorkU.Grassland.Woodlot.Sept27-2016.CSV|鸟类生态学数据集|环境生态学数据集

Description:This study was conducted on September 27th, 2016, in order to measure the frequency of different bird species in the grasslands, in comparison to the woodlots, at the York University Campus, from 3:30-4:25 pm. Location of Field Site: Data was collected at York University, specifically at Keele St. and York Blvd. at a Latitude and Longitude of 43.77, -79.49, respectively. This data was obtained utilizing Google Maps. Temperature: The temperature was approximately 22˚C. The skies were partly cloudy with some visible sunlight, at the site of study. Wind speed was assigned a Beaufort number of 4, for a moderate breeze of approximately 13-18 mph. Methods: In order to determine the frequency of bird species spotted, this field experiment was conducted utilizing belt transects, which measured an area of 25m. Data was obtained from the grasslands from 3:30- 3:55pm, and from the woodlots from 4:00-4:25 pm. Approximately 25 minutes were spent in each habitat. An area in the grassland or woodlot was randomly selected, and a transect tape was placed on the ground. An individual would walk along this transect measuring tape, and would record the frequency at which bird species could be seen, on either side of the transect, by counting. This was repeated a total of 5 times, in each habitat. Therefore, 10 transects were conducted in total. Each trial was 5 minutes in duration. Furthermore, along with frequency of species, the researcher also recorded, the number of birds and the number of species. Additionally, wind speed was determined using the Beaufort scale. The Beaufort scale ranges from 0, which is labeled as calm to 12, which is defined as hurricane force. These methods were repeated in both habitats. Key to Variables: Frequency of bird species was a continuous and quantitative variable in this study. Specifically, frequency was determined by counting the number of birds of a certain species seen. Predictions: It is predicted that there will be a greater frequency of bird species in the woodlots, in comparison to the grasslands. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that the woodlots will exhibit a greater frequency of bird species, where as grasslands will have a lower frequency, as the woodlots provide a source of food, protection, and shelter for bird species, which is necessary for continued survival.