Data from: Three-photon in vivo imaging of neurons and glia in the medial prefrontal cortex with sub-cellular resolution

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is important for higher cognitive
functions, including working memory, decision making, and emotional
control. In vivo recordings of neuronal activity in the mPFC have been
achieved via invasive electrical and optical approaches. Here we apply low
invasive three-photon in vivo imaging in the mPFC of the mouse at
unprecedented depth. Specifically, we measure neuronal and astrocytic
Ca2+-transient parameters in awake head-fixed mice up to a depth of 1700
µm. Furthermore, we longitudinally record dendritic spine density (0.41
±0.07 µm-1) deeper than 1 mm for a week. Using 1650 nm wavelength to
excite red fluorescent microglia, we quantify their processes’ motility
(58.9 ±2% turnover rate) at previously unreachable depths (1100 µm). We
establish three-photon imaging of the mPFC enabling neuronal and glial
recordings with subcellular resolution that will pave the way for novel
discoveries in this brain region.