Traces of ancient irrigation systems in central Iraq digitised using multi-temporal and multi-source satellite imagery

The dataset includes traces of ancient irrigation networks located between Al Hillah and Ar Rymaythah in Iraq. The data were created by manual digitisation in QGIS software (3.34.13) based on developed visualisation techniques for topography and selected vegetation indices, as well as spectral decomposition techniques: MSRM composite, SMTVI, TCT, and S1 SAR backscatter composite (Buławka and Orengo, 2024). The detailed methods and materials used to create the data are provided in the related publication. The dataset includes 9,078 km of levees, 924 km of ravines. The length of the Euphrates River and its related branches in the data is 374 km.The dataset represents updated results of the UnderTheSands project. The data is stored in Shapefile format, with metadata and QGIS symbology. The vector data have been classified according to the type and their width. The current version lacks information on the chronology of the features. Please consult the Readme.txt file for additional information.