UAV outputs and associated field measurement of the herbaceous and tree of the Senegalese savanna across Senegal

This dataset contains UAV outputs (mosaic, surface and terrain model) and field measurement of vegetation that were made in northern and Eastern Senegal.

Sites

National gradient measurements

For the national gradients, the measurements were made on 45 different plots in two different field campaign. One in the Northern part at the end of September 2020 and the other in South eastern part of Senegal in middle of October. The selection of the site was a combination of accessibility (not far from the road) and diversity of vegetation. The average rainfall for the period 1981-2018 was ranging from 221 mm.y-1 to 468 mm. y-1 for the Northern Part and ranging 759 mm.y-1 to 1246 mm y-1 for the south eastern part.

UAV flight plan

We used a low-cost UAV with an RGB (Red Green Blue) captor integrated in the UAV.  The UAV was an Anafi of Parrot with PIX4D capture application using the double gird flight plan in a square generally of 100m*100m; The height of the flight was 80m with an overlap of 80% at low speed with 80° angle °.  The flights were made at any time during the day.

Field measurement.

Herbaceous Biomass.

3 squares of 1 m² were sampled. All the aboveground biomass was cut and weighted in fresh. A composite sample was made for each site and weighted dry to evaluated the dry matter content and so the dry matter of each sample.

The height of 5 herbaceous individuals selected randomly were measured. We recorded the species composition with percentage of cover of each species. We collected an herbarium sample each time we had a new species. The sample were used to identified the species by the IFAN herbarium team. The positions of the squared was mark with a wood triangle painted on the ground.

Tree measurement.

Four trees were measured on the field. It was the four woody individuals the closest to the first square of herbaceous measurements were made in each direction (Northwest, North east, South West, South East).

The distance to the first square of each tree were measured using a telemeter. The height was also measured with a laser telemeter. The circumference at 0.30cm and 1.3 cm were measured. The diameter of the tree crown in the north-south direction and in the west-east direction were measured to the crow area calculated assuming that the crown was a circle.

The species were recorded. We collected an herbarium sample each time we had a new species. The sample were used to identified the species by the IFAN herbarium team.

Image analysis.

The images taken during each flight were processed using a PiX4D mapper (Pix4D SA, Lausanne, Switzerland). 3D mapping is the basic parameter proposed in the software. For each plot, an orthophotograph, a digital surface model, and a digital elevation model were computed and exported in GeoTIFF format.

Data organization

The data are organized in two separated folders for each dataset.

Each dataset folders contains four folders:

DSM that contains the surface model in tiff

DTM that contains the terrain model in tiff

Mosaic that the orthomosaic in tiff.

Data that contains the shapefile with the position and table with the field measurements.

The shapefile” national-shape.shp" contains the positions of both tree and herbaceous samples. In some case it was hard to position the squared or the tree. The position and the shape of the object are not well defined.

The file “tree-national.xlsx” contains the information on the tree measurement. The ID that contains the site and the positions of the trees, the distance from the squared in m that indicate the distance of the tree to the biomass square. The height H (in m), the trunk circumference at 1.30m (TC1.3) and at 0.3m(TC0.3) in cmand the area of crown (Area). The species is also described.

The file “ herbacous_national.xlsx” contains the information on the herbaceous layer.

For each square, the height of the herbaceous layer (H), Fresh mass (FM), Dry matter content (DMC) and dry Mass (DM) are presented; The last columns of the file are the different species with the percentage of cover in each case.