The effect of preterm premature rupture of membranes on neonatal outcomes in low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective study

This study evaluated the effect of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) on neonatal outcomes in low-birth-weight infants. We included premature infants born in our hospital and divided them into PPROM group and non-PPROM group. Maternal and neonatal data were collected, and follow-up assessments were performed at 3, 6, and 9 months of corrected age. The PPROM group had significantly lower birth weights, gestational ages, higher maternal infection rates, longer hospital stays, and higher complication rate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). PPROM, 5-minute Apgar score &lt;7, and birth weight &lt;1500 g was significant risk factors for complications (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Birth weight &lt;1500 g, sepsis, premature encephalopathy, asphyxia and necrotizing enterocolitis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) were significant predictors of death. Infants with PPROM duration &gt;7 days had the highest mortality rate and lower mental development index scores at 3 months (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). PPROM significantly impacts neonatal outcomes in low-birth-weight infants, leading to higher complication rates and longer hospital stays, which is associated with high risk of neonatal complication.