CPW Elk Shapefile Download

Updated December, 2025 HIGHWAY CROSSING: Those areas where elk movements traditionally cross roads, presenting potential conflicts between elk and motorists. LIMITED USE AREA: An area within the overall range which is occasionally inhabited by elk and/or contains a small scattered population of elk. MIGRATION CORRIDORS: A specific geographic area that facilitates movement between seasonal ranges and receives higher use than the surrounding landscape, relative to herd or population use, and loss of which would disrupt migration. Starting in 2023 and moving forward, Brownian bridge model of movement data, where available, will be included in this layer. This represents a change in the methodology from how these data had previously been generated. OVERALL RANGE: The area which encompasses all known seasonal activity areas within the observed range of an elk population. PRODUCTION AREA: That part of the overall range of elk occupied by the females from May 15 to June 15 for calving. (Only known areas are mapped and this does not include all production areas for the DAU). RESIDENT POPULATION: An area used year-round by a population of elk. Individuals could be found in any part of the area at any time of the year; the area cannot be subdivided into seasonal ranges. It is most likely included within the overall range of the larger population. SEVERE WINTER: That part of the range of a species where 90 percent of the individuals are located when the annual snowpack is at its maximum and/or temperatures are at a minimum in the two worst winters out of ten. The winter of 1983-84 is a good example of a severe winter. SUMMER CONCENTRATION: Those areas where elk concentrate from mid-June through mid-August. High quality forage, security, and lack of disturbance are characteristics of these areas to meet the high energy demands of lactation, calf rearing, antler growth, and general preparation for the rigors of fall and winter. SUMMER RANGE: That part of the range of a species where 90% of the individuals are located between spring green-up and the first heavy snowfall, or during a site specific period of summer as defined for each DAU. Summer range is not necessarily exclusive of winter range; in some areas winter range and summer range may overlap. WINTER CONCENTRATION: That part of the winter range of a species where densities are at least 200% greater than the surrounding winter range density during the same period used to define winter range in the average five winters out of ten. WINTER RANGE: That part of the overall range of a species where 90 percent of the individuals are located during the average five winters out of ten from the first heavy snowfall to spring green-up, or during a site specific period of winter as defined for each Data Analysis Unit. Winter range is not delineated for Elk on the Eastern Plains. This information was derived from Colorado Parks and Wildlife field personnel. Data was captured by digitizing through a SmartBoard Interactive Whiteboard using topographic maps and NAIP imagery at various scales (Cowardin, M., M. Flenner. March 2003. Maximizing Mapping Resources. GeoWorld 16(3):32-35). These data are updated on a four year rotation with one of the four Colorado Parks and Wildlife Regions updated each year. These data are not updated on a statewide level annually.本数据集更新于2025年12月。 道路穿越点（Highway Crossing）：指传统上麋鹿横穿道路的区域，存在麋鹿与机动车驾驶员发生冲突的潜在风险。 有限使用区域（Limited Use Area）：指整体分布范围内偶尔有麋鹿栖息，或分布有少量零散麋鹿种群的区域。 迁徙廊道（Migration Corridors）：指用于连接季节性活动范围的特定地理区域，相较于周边景观其使用频率更高（基于种群或个体使用情况评估），若该区域受损则会干扰麋鹿的迁徙活动。自2023年起，若有可用的运动轨迹数据，将通过布朗桥（Brownian bridge）模型生成该图层的数据，这与此前该类数据的生成方法存在差异。 整体分布范围（Overall Range）：指涵盖某一麋鹿种群所有已知季节性活动区域的范围。 繁育区（Production Area）：指整体分布范围内，雌性麋鹿于5月15日至6月15日期间用于产仔的区域。（仅对已知区域进行制图，且不包含该数据分析单元（Data Analysis Unit, DAU）的全部繁育区） 定居种群栖息区（Resident Population）：指某一麋鹿种群全年持续使用的区域，全年任意时间均可在该区域内任意位置发现个体，且无法被划分为季节性活动范围，该区域大概率包含于更大种群的整体分布范围之内。 极寒冬季栖息区（Severe Winter）：指当年度积雪达到最大厚度、且在10年中最恶劣的两个冬季里气温达到最低值时，某物种90%的个体都会聚集的栖息区域。1983-1984年冬季即为典型的极寒冬季。 夏季聚集区（Summer Concentration）：指麋鹿于6月中旬至8月中旬期间聚集的区域，此类区域具备优质草料、隐蔽条件且受干扰程度低的特征，以满足麋鹿泌乳、抚育幼崽、鹿角生长以及为秋冬季严酷环境做准备的高能量需求。 夏季活动范围（Summer Range）：指某物种在春季植被返青至首次大规模降雪期间，或按每个数据分析单元（Data Analysis Unit, DAU）定义的特定夏季时段内，聚集有90%个体的区域。夏季活动范围未必与冬季活动范围完全分离，部分区域的冬夏活动范围可能存在重叠。 冬季聚集区（Winter Concentration）：指某物种的冬季活动范围内，在10年平均5个冬季的同期（即定义冬季活动范围的时段）内，种群密度至少比周边冬季活动范围高200%的区域。 冬季活动范围（Winter Range）：指某物种的整体分布范围内，在10年平均5个冬季的首次大规模降雪至春季植被返青期间，或按每个数据分析单元（Data Analysis Unit, DAU）定义的特定冬季时段内，聚集有90%个体的区域。东部平原地区未对麋鹿的冬季活动范围进行划定。 本数据集的信息源自科罗拉多公园与野生动物局（Colorado Parks and Wildlife）的野外工作人员。数据通过智能白板交互系统（SmartBoard Interactive Whiteboard）对地形图和各类比例尺的美国农业航拍计划（National Agriculture Imagery Program, NAIP）影像进行数字化采集获取（Cowardin, M., M. Flenner. 2003年3月. 最大化测绘资源利用. 《GeoWorld》16(3):32-35）。本数据集每四年进行一轮更新，每年更新科罗拉多公园与野生动物局的四个区域中的一个，不会每年对全州范围的数据进行更新。