Demographic characteristics in patients with Parkinson's disease and controls.

Values are mean ± SD. PD-L = Parkinson's disease with levodopa treatment; PD-LC = Parkinson's disease with levodopa/COMT inhibitor treatment; BMI = body mass index; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination.*The Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare categorical and continuous variables between groups. The Kruskal-Wallis was used compared continuous variable among group, and the Mann-Whitney test was then performed to compare significant Kruskal-Wallis results:aFrom controls at pbFrom cases with PD-LC or controls at p