A dataset of fish DNA barcodes in the Three Gorges Reservoir area from August to November 2019

From August to November 2019, 11 were set up in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and its tributaries (Taiping River, Xiangxi River, Wanzhou, Fuling, Fengdu, Fujiang, Jialing River, Jiantan River, Banan, Yunyang, Xiaojiang) At the sampling point, the selected fishing gears were ground cages (mesh 1.2cm), seal nets (diameter 1m, length 3m) and gill nets. The specifications of the gillnet are multi-mesh composite gillnets, including 12 mesh specifications: 2a=8.5cm, 4.0cm, 12.5cm, 2.0cm, 11.0cm, 1.6cm, 2.5cm, 4.8cm, 3.1cm, 1.0cm , 7.5cm and 6.0cm, each mesh gillnet is 2.5m long and 2m wide, spliced ​​into a composite gillnet with a total length of 30m. Field fishing was carried out at each sampling point, on-site identification, and biological traits such as fish body length and weight were collected. During the sampling period of this study, 18,466 fish samples were recorded in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The samples were preliminarily identified as 64 species, and the species were morphologically identified with reference to "Chinese Cyprinidae (Volume 1)", "Sichuan Fish Chronicles" and "Fishes of the World". All samples were preserved in 10% formaldehyde solution in intact individual form for further morphological identification, and were preserved in our laboratory (Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Jianghan University), and tissue samples were preserved in 95% ethanol. About 100 mg of fish muscle tissue or fin rays were taken, and genomic DNA was extracted by high-salt method. The COI gene sequence amplification primer sequence was: F1:5'-TCAACCAACCACAAAGACATTGGCAC3'R1:5'-TAGACTTCTGGGTGGGCCAAAGAATC3'. The PCR reaction system was 30 μL, including 10.3 μL of 2×Taq Master Mix, 1.5 μL of upstream and downstream primers (10 mM), 1.5 μL of DNA template, and 15.2 μL of double-distilled water. The PCR reaction program was as follows: 95°C high temperature pre-denaturation for 5 min; 95°C denaturation for 30s; 56°C annealing for 45s; 72°C extension for 45s, a total of 31 cycles; final extension at 72°C for 10 min; °C in the refrigerator. Finally, the results of PCR products were detected by electrophoresis. PCR products were detected by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and then sent to a biological company for sequencing. BioEdit software was used to manually correct the forward and reverse sequencing peaks, and the DNA sequences were aligned and spliced ​​using the splicing program SEQMAN in DNASTAR, and all sequences containing missing information and degenerate bases were eliminated. Finally, 946 COI sequences from fish were obtained in this study, and the 639bp mitochondrial COI gene sequence after homology alignment was used for barcode analysis. No deletion or insertion of bases was found in all sequences.