Original data of intestinal flora

This dataset originates from a mouse model-based study in the field of gut microbial toxicology. It aims to investigate the effects of dietary emulsifiers—sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)—in combination with the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) on gut microbiota composition and function. The study further validates the mechanistic role of gut microbes via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and sodium butyrate supplementation. All experiments were conducted in SPF-grade animal facilities at China Agricultural University. Detailed experimental methods are described in the associated manuscript.This dataset includes raw gut microbiota data from the following three components:Exposure experiment (The effects of food emulsifiers on chlorpyrifos-induced intestinal inflammation): Mice were administered different combinations of CPF and emulsifiers (CMC or soy lecithin, SL) across six treatment groups.Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT): Fecal samples from exposed mice were transferred into microbiota-depleted mice (via antibiotic pretreatment) to assess functional consequences of altered microbial communities.Sodium butyrate supplementation: Butyrate was administered under CPF exposure conditions to evaluate its effect on restoring microbial and immune homeostasis.Microbial DNA was extracted from ileal and colonic contents. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3–V4 region was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Raw sequencing data were quality-filtered and trimmed using Fastp, followed by feature table construction via QIIME2 (v2022.2) using the DADA2 pipeline. Taxonomic annotation was carried out using the SILVA 138 database. All data were processed and exported using the Majorbio Cloud Platform (https://cloud.majorbio.com/).All sequencing samples passed quality control. A few low-depth or contaminated samples were removed and are not included in the dataset. No systematic missing data are present. The data are unrarefied and suitable for α/β diversity analysis, differential abundance analysis, and microbial community structure assessment.This dataset provides foundational information for exploring how co-exposure to food additives and environmental toxicants disrupts gut microbiota composition and metabolism. It also supports downstream ecological, toxicological, and metabolic network analyses.