IRI-SKEM-RUTIN

Because skeletal muscle ischemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI) is mediated primarily by oxidative stress and leukocyte infiltration, rutin was tested in an experimental model. A tourniquet induced IRI model (4+2 hours) was established and rutin (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg/i.p.) was injected 30 minutes before the reperfusion phase. Serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and muscle total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), E-selectin, P-selectin, L-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) levels were measured. Compared to the SC group, the IRI group exhibited significantly elevated levels of CPK, LDH, ICAM-1, E-selectin, L-selectin, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Administration of rutin (100 mg/kg) prevented the increases in CPK, LDH, ICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. It also prevented the decrease seen in TAS levels in the IRI group compared with the SC group. Although no significant differences in the TOS and MPO values were detected between the groups, there were increasing and decreasing trends in the IRI- and rutin-administered groups, respectively. Rutin may have a favorable effect through some of the markers related to neutrophil infiltration.