Supplementary file 1_Precautions for polygenic embryo selection: prohibition or cautious use.docx

Polygenic scores derived from inborn genetic variation are expected to predict individuals’ complex traits. Preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic scores is already offered to help parents select embryos deemed “healthy” and/or “intelligent”, raising ethical concerns. This paper analyzes the implications of polygenic embryo selection and proposes policy responses. Although substantial clinical uncertainty persists, use is likely to expand because parents seek desirable traits. Yet resulting offspring may not meet such expectations due to environmental influences (including parental behavior), offspring's genomes, and their autonomy. These practices risk generating socio-ethical harms, including false expectations, child objectification, and trait-based stigma. Professional societies and policymakers should therefore warn parents about these risks, and consider prohibiting polygenic embryo selection, although they might eventually permit cautious use for serious late-onset diseases.