第三极地区长时间序列高分辨率地面气象要素驱动数据集（TPMFD, 1979-2023）

第三极地区长时间序列（1979-2023）高分辨率（1/30°，包含月、日、小时尺度）地面气象要素驱动数据集，包含降水、2米气温、2米比湿、10米风速、近地面气压、向下长波辐射和向下短波辐射7个变量。其中，气温、比湿、气压和风速是通过融合短期的高分辨率WRF模拟、长序列ERA5数据和站点观测数据得到；同时集成了TPHiPr降水数据和ISCCP-ITP/ISCCP-ITP-CNN向下短波辐射数据，TPHiPr数据首先利用高分辨率WRF模拟和机器学习算法对ERA5进行降尺度，然后融合高密度地面站点得到，向下短波辐射数据结合ERA5数据对卫星反演短波辐射进行质量均一化得到；长波辐射是基于研制的其它气象要素（气温、比湿、气压和短波），采用半物理化的CD99模型计算得到。研制的数据较目前主流的再分析数据具有更高的精度，可用于第三极地区气候分析和陆面、水文、生态相关的模型输入。需要注意的是，TPMFD中降水的日内变化来源于ERA5，其在第三极地区存在较大误差，需谨慎利用TPMFD分析降水日内变化。

A high-resolution (1/30°, covering monthly, daily and hourly scales) long-term series (1979–2023) near-surface meteorological forcing dataset for the Third Pole region. This dataset includes seven variables: precipitation, 2-meter air temperature, 2-meter specific humidity, 10-meter wind speed, near-surface air pressure, downward longwave radiation, and downward shortwave radiation. Among them, air temperature, specific humidity, air pressure and wind speed are obtained by fusing short-term high-resolution WRF simulations, long-term ERA5 reanalysis data and in-situ observational data. Meanwhile, it integrates TPHiPr precipitation data and ISCCP-ITP/ISCCP-ITP-CNN downward shortwave radiation data. Specifically, TPHiPr precipitation data is generated by first downscaling ERA5 using high-resolution WRF simulations and machine learning algorithms, then fusing high-density ground-based station observations. The downward shortwave radiation data is produced by homogenizing the quality of satellite-retrieved shortwave radiation combined with ERA5 data. Downward longwave radiation is calculated via the semi-physical CD99 model based on the developed meteorological elements including air temperature, specific humidity, air pressure and shortwave radiation. This developed dataset exhibits higher accuracy than current mainstream reanalysis datasets, and can be applied to climate analysis in the Third Pole region as well as model inputs for land surface, hydrological and ecological studies. It should be noted that the diurnal variation of precipitation in TPMFD is derived from ERA5, which has considerable errors in the Third Pole region, thus caution is required when using TPMFD to analyze the diurnal variation of precipitation.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是第三极地区（如青藏高原）1979年至2023年的高分辨率地面气象要素驱动数据，包含降水、气温、比湿、风速、气压、长波辐射和短波辐射7个变量，时间分辨率为月、日、小时，空间分辨率为1/30°（约0.0333°），数据量达1.84 TB。它通过融合WRF模拟、ERA5再分析数据和站点观测提高精度，适用于气候分析及陆面、水文、生态模型输入，但需注意降水日内变化存在误差。