Identification of the Rhesus Macaque Rhadinovirus Lytic Origin of DNA Replication

We have identified a lytic origin of DNA replication (oriLyt) for rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (RRV), the rhesus macaque homolog of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. RRV oriLyt maps to the region of the genome between open reading frame 69 (ORF69) and ORF71 (vFLIP) and is composed of an upstream A+T-rich region followed by a short (300-bp) downstream G+C-rich DNA sequence. A set of overlapping cosmids corresponding to the entire genome of RRV was capable of complementing oriLyt-dependent DNA replication only when additional ORF50 was supplied as an expression plasmid in the transfection mixture, suggesting that the level of ORF50 protein originating from input cosmid DNA was insufficient. The requirement of RRV ORF50 in the cotransfection replication assay may also suggest a direct role for this protein in DNA replication. RRV oriLyt shares a high degree of nucleotide sequence and G+C base distribution with the corresponding loci in HHV-8.