Data from: Correlated evolution of sexual dimorphism and male dimorphism in a clade of neotropical harvestmen

Secondary sexual traits increase male fitness, but may be maladaptive in
females, generating intralocus sexual conflict that is ameliorated through
sexual dimorphism. Sexual selection on males may also lead some males to
avoid expenditure on secondary sexual traits and achieve copulations using
alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). Secondary sexual traits can
increase or decrease fitness in males, depending on which ART they employ,
generating intralocus tactical conflict that can be ameliorated through
male dimorphism. Due to the evolutionary forces acting against intralocus
sexual and tactical conflicts, male dimorphism could coevolve with sexual
dimorphism, a hypothesis that we tested by investigating these dimorphisms
across 48 harvestman species. Using three independently derived
phylogenies we consistently found that the evolution of sexual dimorphism
was correlated with that of male dimorphism, and suggest that the major
force behind this relationship is the similarity between selection against
intralocus sexual conflict and selection against intralocus tactical
conflict. We also found that transitions in male dimorphism were more
likely in the presence of sexual dimorphism, indicating that if a sexually
selected trait arises on an autosome and is expressed in both sexes, its
suppression in females probably evolves earlier than its suppression in
small males that adopt ARTs.