COGNITIVE-PRAGMATIC MODEL OF TRANSLATING UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL-CULTURAL REALITIES INTO GERMAN: EQUIVALENCE AND TRANSCREATION STRATEGIES

This study develops a cognitive-pragmatic model for translating Uzbek national and cultural realia into German by integrating the principles of equivalence with transcreation strategies. Drawing on Relevance Theory, dynamic and functional equivalence, and an empirical analysis of literary translations, particularly Bygone Days by Abdulla Qodiriy, the proposed model aims to bridge semantic, pragmatic, and cultural gaps. A qualitative comparative analysis of different categories of realia, including ethnographic, social, culinary, and religious items, demonstrates that formal equivalence alone is often insufficient. Instead, combined translation strategies—such as transliteration with explanatory notes, functional substitution, and creative adaptation—prove more effective in preserving both the national cultural flavor and the pragmatic impact of the source text. The proposed model prioritizes the cognitive environments of both source-text and target-text readers. The findings support a hybrid approach that balances fidelity with communicative effectiveness and offer practical guidelines for literary and cultural translation.