Investigation on the Bending Damage Mechanism of Basalt textile Reinforced Concrete: Using Acoustic Emission Monitoring and Numerical Simulation

With the increasing maturity of digital, efficient, and integrated textile technology, concrete reinforced with textiles as the main load-bearing components have been widely used in the repair and reinforcement of building structures. This study compared the bending mechanical behavior of basalt fiber and basalt textile reinforced concrete with the same fiber volume content using a universal material testing machine, acoustic emission monitoring, and finite element simulation method. The research results showed that under the same fiber volume content, the ultimate bending strength of three-layer basalt textiles reinforced concrete was 75.96% higher than that of basalt fiber. The load–displacement curve of basalt textile reinforced concrete could be summarized as elastic deformation stage, strengthening stage, and textile breakage stage, both of which had inhibitory effects on crack growth. However, basalt textile could play a role in redistributing internal stress and controlling the evolution of cracks. The bending damage mechanism of basalt textile reinforced concrete was mainly characterized by fiber pull-out, fiber/matrix debonding, and fiber breakage. The total acoustic emission energy reached 8666 mV·ms, which was 131.03% higher than that of basalt fibers with the same fiber content. The established finite element model had good consistency with the experimental results.