World University Rankings

Of all the universities in the world, which are the best?

Ranking universities is a difficult, political, and controversial practice. There are hundreds of different national and international university ranking systems, many of which disagree with each other. This dataset contains three global university rankings from very different places.

<h2>University Ranking Data</h2>

The [Times Higher Education World University Ranking][1] is widely regarded as one of the most influential and widely observed university measures. Founded in the United Kingdom in 2010, it has been criticized for its commercialization and for undermining non-English-instructing institutions.

The [Academic Ranking of World Universities][2], also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is an equally influential ranking. It was founded in China in 2003 and has been criticized for focusing on raw research power and for undermining humanities and quality of instruction.

The [Center for World University Rankings][3], is a less well know listing that comes from Saudi Arabia, it was founded in 2012.

- How do these rankings compare to each other?
- Are the various criticisms levied against these rankings fair or not?
- How does your alma mater fare against the world?

<h2>Supplementary Data</h2>

To further extend your analyses, we've also included two sets of supplementary data.

The first of these is a set of data on [educational attainment][4] around the world. It comes from The World Data Bank and comprises information from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics and the Barro-Lee Dataset. How does national educational attainment relate to the quality of each nation's universities?

The second supplementary dataset contains information about [public and private direct expenditure on education across nations][5]. This data comes from the National Center for Education Statistics. It represents expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product. Does spending more on education lead to better international university rankings?

[1]: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings
[2]: http://www.shanghairanking.com
[3]: http://cwur.org
[4]: http://datatopics.worldbank.org/Education/wDataQuery/QProjections.aspx
[5]: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_605.20.asp

在全球范围内的所有大学中，哪所大学位居榜首？

大学排名是一项艰巨、政治化且颇具争议的实践。目前存在数百种不同的国家级和国际级大学排名体系，其中许多体系之间存在分歧。本数据集包含了来自不同地区的三个全球大学排名。

<h2>大学排名数据</h2>

[泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名](1) 被广泛认为是最具影响力和广泛关注的大学评估指标之一。该排名成立于2010年的英国，然而，它因商业化倾向以及削弱非英语授课机构而受到批评。

[世界大学学术排名](2)，亦称上海排名，同样具有同等的影响力。该排名始于2003年的中国，因其过度关注原始研究能力并削弱人文学科与教学质量而受到指责。

[世界大学排名中心](3)，是一份知名度较低的排名，源自沙特阿拉伯，成立于2012年。

- 这些排名之间有何异同？
- 对这些排名提出的各种批评是否公允？
- 你的母校在全球排名中表现如何？

<h2>补充数据</h2>

为进一步拓展您的分析，我们还提供了两组补充数据。

首先，这是一组关于[全球教育成就](4)的数据。数据来源于世界数据银行，包括联合国教科文组织统计研究所和Barro-Lee数据集的信息。一个国家的教育成就与该国大学的质量有何关联？

其次，补充数据集包含关于[各国公共和私人对教育的直接支出](5)的信息。这些数据来源于国家教育统计中心，以国内生产总值百分比表示支出。教育投入增加是否会导致国际大学排名的提升？

[1]: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings
[2]: http://www.shanghairanking.com
[3]: http://cwur.org
[4]: http://datatopics.worldbank.org/Education/wDataQuery/QProjections.aspx
[5]: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_605.20.asp