SCIENTIFIC-PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TEACHING THE SOLAR SYSTEM IN NATURAL SCIENCES TO ELEMENTARY STUDENTS

This article systematically analyzes the scientific and pedagogical approaches used in teaching elementary school students the structure of the universe, the classification of planets, and the geological features of the Earth. Based on textbook materials, methods are described for developing students' spatial imagination and explaining complex natural processes to them in a simple and logical way. The article substantiates the effectiveness of methods such as historical-comparative analysis, problem questions, visual modeling, and observation.