The first decadal-scale ground-based microwave radiometer dataset in China: Brightness temperature and thermodynamic profiles from Xianghe (2013–2022)

This dataset consists of continuous ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) observations and corresponding retrieved atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles collected at the Xianghe site from 2013 to 2022. The quality-controlled and weather-classified brightness temperature dataset has a temporal resolution of 1 minute. Each record includes quality control flags and weather classification identifiers to ensure data reliability and facilitate condition-dependent analyses. Based on the validated retrieval models, the atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles were derived from the brightness temperature observations. The retrievals were performed on 10-minute averaged brightness temperature data, resulting in a 10-minute interval profile dataset. The retrieved profiles extend from the surface up to 10 km, providing long-term, high-quality atmospheric structure information suitable for climatological analysis, model validation, and algorithm development.