marova_et_al.xlsx

Each cell of the table contains one of three measurements of this song parameter from one of 150 males from 15 regions. The size of the repertoire is determined for all three segments of the song together. We present an almost continent-wide study of the chiffchaff song spanning from Germany to Yakutia, covering Western European, Eastern European, and Siberian chiffchaff subspecies, and including a broad zone of hybridization between the latter. The novel fine-scale differentiation patterns are revealed through a detailed analysis of local repertoire variability, including the diversity and geographic distribution of syllables, coupled with quantitative measures of rhythmic structure, frequency, and temporal song characteristics. Our study demonstrates pronounced geographic variation across the entire chiffchaff range, with a distinct eastward trend characterized by an increase in singing speed and vocal repertoire size, a decrease in both the maximum and minimum frequencies, and a higher proportion of syllables with ascending modulation.