Data from: Eco-evolutionary dynamics in urbanized landscapes: evolution, species sorting and the change in zooplankton body size along urbanization gradients

Urbanization causes both changes in community composition and evolutionary
responses, but most studies focus on these responses in isolation. We
performed an integrated analysis assessing the relative contribution of
intra- and interspecific trait turnover to the observed change in
zooplankton community body size in 83 cladoceran communities along
urbanization gradients quantified at seven spatial scales (50–3200 m
radii). We also performed a quantitative genetic analysis on 12 Daphnia
magna populations along the same urbanization gradient. Body size in
zooplankton communities generally declined with increasing urbanization,
but the opposite was observed for communities dominated by large species.
The contribution of intraspecific trait variation to community body size
turnover with urbanization strongly varied with the spatial scale
considered, and was highest for communities dominated by large cladoceran
species and at intermediate spatial scales. Genotypic size at maturity was
smaller for urban than for rural D. magna populations and for animals
cultured at 24°C compared with 20°C. While local genetic adaptation likely
contributed to the persistence of D. magna in the urban heat islands,
buffering for the phenotypic shift to larger body sizes with increasing
urbanization, community body size turnover was mainly driven by
non-genetic intraspecific trait change.