Analysis of intestinal flora distribution after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children

This prospective study aimed to comprehensively understand the changes in intestinal flora at different stages after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) in pediatric patients and to analyze the effect of intestinal flora on acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD), especially on gastrointestinal graft versus host disease(GI GVHD). A total of 32 children with primary diseases of primary immunodeficiency disease(PID) and thalassemia were included. 16S sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota layout at three time points peri-transplant including pre-transplant, day +3, and day +30. Then through a series of analyses, compare microbiome measurements between groups including GI GVHD and no GI GVHD, PID and thalassemia, mild or severe GVHD, and then performed exploratory analyses to evaluate correlations between clinical characteristics (medications, immune cell recovery, etc.) and microbiome features.