Unveiling the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Global Brain Circulation: A Comprehensive Corpus (2000-2024)

The global competition for human capital is fuelled by intricate brain circulation dynamics, where individuals with specialized skills traverse geographic, organizational, and national boundaries to address workforce demands. However, a comprehensive framework for integrating and interpreting heterogeneous data on global brain circulation remains elusive. Here we introduce the Global Brain Circulation Dynamics (GBCD) corpus, a longitudinally integrated repository of geo-information encompassing 223 countries/regions from 2000 to 2024. Garnered from diachronic narrative texts, the GBCD corpus provides granular insights into transnational brain circulation patterns and their interconnections with sociocultural progress. Continuously updated to reflect spatiotemporal dynamics, the GBCD corpus serves as a definitive reference for real-time and <i>ex-post</i> analysis of global brain circulation. Our analysis reveals two pivotal findings: (i) narrative brain circulation closely mirrors physical brain mobility, and (ii) geopolitical relations and spatiotemporal dynamics exhibit distinct patterns across countries/regions. The GBCD corpus establishes a novel benchmark for examining spatiotemporal brain circulation worldwide, empowering policymakers to develop evidence-based strategies for attracting and retaining human capital in rapidly evolving global landscape.全球人力资本竞争的背后，是复杂的人才环流（brain circulation）动态运行机制：具备专业技能的个体跨越地理、组织与国家边界流动，以适配全球劳动力市场的需求缺口。然而，当前学界仍缺乏一套能够整合并解读全球人才环流异构数据的综合性分析框架。为此，本研究推出全球人才环流动态（Global Brain Circulation Dynamics, GBCD）语料库：这是一套纵向整合的地理信息数据库，涵盖2000年至2024年间全球223个国家与地区的相关数据。该语料库依托历时叙事文本采集构建，能够提供关于跨国人才环流模式及其与社会文化发展内在关联的精细化洞察。该语料库将持续更新以反映人才环流的时空动态变化，可作为全球人才环流实时分析与事后（ex-post）分析的权威参考依据。本研究的分析得出两项关键结论：其一，叙事层面的人才环流与实体人才流动高度契合；其二，地缘政治关系及时空动态在不同国家与地区间呈现出迥异的分布特征。全球人才环流动态语料库为全球范围内的人才环流时空特征研究树立了全新基准，能够助力政策制定者在快速演变的全球格局中，制定基于实证依据的人才吸引与留存策略。