Genomic sequence from an Aboriginal Australian.

Here we present Aboriginal Australian (<em>Homo sapiens</em>) genomic sequence obtained from a 100-year-old lock of hair donated by an Aboriginal man from southern Western Australia in the early 20th century. The nuclear genome was sequenced to an overall depth of 6.4-fold. It had a high degree of fragmentation, but no genotype level evidence of sample contamination by DNA from sample handlers of European descent was detected. Over 2 million SNPs were identified after genome mapping and genotyping, approximately 6 percent of which were not previously reported. The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) was sequenced to an average depth of 338x and found to belong to a new subclade of haplogroup O.