Progressively shifting patterns of co-modulation among premotor cortex neurons carry dynamically similar signals during action execution and observation

Many neurons in the macaque premotor cortex show firing rate modulation whether the subject performs an action or observes another individual performing a similar action. Although such “mirror neurons” have been thought to have highly congruent discharge during execution and observation, many if not most actually show non-congruent activity. Studies of neuronal populations active during both execution and observation have shown that the most prevalent patterns of co-modulation—captured as neural trajectories—pass through subspaces which are shared in part, but in part are visited exclusively during either execution or observation. These studies focused on reaching movements for which low-dimensional neural trajectories exhibit comparatively simple dynamical motifs. But the neural dynamics of hand movements are more complex. We developed a novel approach to examine prevalent patterns of co-modulation during execution and observation of a task that involved reaching, grasping, and manipul..., , # Progressively shifting patterns of co-modulation among premotor cortex neurons carry dynamically similar signals during action execution and observation

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.cvdncjtfq](10.5061/dryad.cvdncjtfq)

## Description of the data and file structure

These source data files provide the processed data underlying Figure 5 - figure supplement 1 and Figure 8, panels C and D.

### Files and variables

#### File: Figure5_FigureSupplement1_CumulativeSeparability.m

**Description:** This MATLAB script contains the processed source data for Figure 5 - figure supplement 1, which can be loaded to a cell array in MATLAB by running the script. Numbers are arranged in 4x4 arrays that correspond to the 4x4 color matrices of the figure. The values in Ex_self_sepa3d{9} and Obs_self_sepa3d{9} are from monkey T session 3, 'T_20220603', and are displayed as color matrices in A and B of ths figure. Averaging across all 9 sessions for Ex or Obs gives the values displayed as color matrices ...,