Key Aspects of Studies Included in Review (n = 14).

aResults reported as adjusted when available. Effect sizes reported when available or calculable Note. NS = non-significant (p≥.05); S = significant (p<.05); PPD = postpartum depression; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies; CIDI = The Composite International Diagnostic Interview DSI = Daily Stress Inventory; EPDS = Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; GHQ = General Health Questionnaire; IES-R = Impact of Event Scale-Revised; MSAS = Maternal Separation Anxiety Scale; PES = Pregnancy Experiences Scale; POMS = Profile of Moods Scale; PSS = Perceived Stress Scale; SLEQ = Stressful Life Events Questionnaire; SLE: Stressful life events; PLEC = Prenatal Life Events Checklist; SPI = Standardized Psychiatric Interview; STAI = State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; BSID, MDI = Bayley Scales of Infant/Toddler Development, Mental Development Index Key Aspects of Studies Included in Review (n = 14).