Time Use Survey 2017 - Sri Lanka

Abstract
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Time Use Surveys (TUS) are household-based surveys that measure and analyze time spent by women and men, girls and boys on different activities over a specified period. Unlike data from other surveys, time use results can be specific and comprehensive in revealing the details of a person's daily life. The results of the Time Use Survey enable one to identify what activities are performed, how they are performed and how long it takes to perform such activities.
The Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) conducted the first Sri Lanka national survey on time use statistics in 2017. The primary objective of TUS is to measure the participation of men and women in paid and unpaid activities. Moreover, this report contains information on the time spent on unpaid care giving activities, voluntary work, and domestic service of the household members. This also provides information on time spent on learning, socializing, leisure activities and self-care activities of 10 years and above aged Sri Lankans.
In this report, statistics were estimated under following three indicators.
1. Participation rate
2. The mean actor time spent on different activities
3. The mean population time spent on different activities

The TUS was conducted in the same households of the fourth quarter Labour Force Survey (LFS) sample in 2017. It was non-independent survey but administered an independent diary and a household module with fourth quarter LFS, 2017. All household members who were age 10 years and above in the sample were provided a diary to record activities done in every 15 minutes within a period of 24 hours (day). The TUS sample covered the household population aged 10 years and above - thus representing an estimated 17.87 million people.
Classification of activities
Reported activities were coded according to the International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics (ICATUS 2016). The ICATUS 2016 has nine broad categories, which aggregate into even broader categories. The categories are consistent with the System of National Accounts (SNA) which underlies the calculation of gross domestic product (GDP). The categories are as follows:
1. Employment and related activities
2. Production of goods for own final use
3. Unpaid domestic services for household and family members
4. Unpaid caregiving services for household and family members
5. Unpaid volunteer, trainee and other unpaid work
6. Learning
7.Socializing and communication, community participation and religious practice
8. Culture, leisure, mass-media and sports practices
9. Self-care and maintenance
Activity category number 1 and 2 falls in to SNA production boundary. Therefore, most part be 'counted' in national accounts and the GDP. Activity categories 3 to 5, which cover unpaid household work and unpaid assistance to other households, fall outside the SNA production boundary, although they are recognized as 'productive'. They correspond to what is commonly referred to as unpaid care work. The remaining four activity categories cannot be performed for a person by someone else; people cannot hire someone else to sleep, learn, or eat for them. Hence, they do not qualify as' work 'or' production' in terms of the third-person 'rule'.

Geographic coverage
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The survey collects data from a quarterly sample of 6,440 housing units covering the whole country, also this sample enough to provides national estimates on Time use statistics. It covers persons living in housing units and excludes the institutional population.

Analysis unit
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Individual,Household

Universe
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All household members who were age 10 years and above

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sampling frame prepared for 2012 Census of Population and Housing (CPH) is used as sample frame for the sample selection of LFS in 2017. Two stage stratified sampling procedure is adopted to Sri Lanka Time Use Survey Final Report - 2017
1.5 Field Work
Select the annual LFS sample of 25,750 housing units. 2,575 Primary Sampling Units (PSU?s) were allocated to each district and to each sector (Urban, Rural and Estate) and equally distributed for 12 months.
Housing units are the Secondary Sample Units (SSU). From each selected PSU, 10 housing units (SSU) are selected for the survey using systematic random sampling method.
Since, the Time Use survey was planned to disseminate statistics at national level, a quarterly sample of 6,440 housing units of the LFS 4th quarter 2017 sample was selected for the TUS. Also, selected housing units of a PSU were evenly allocated to cover all 7 days of a week including weekends.
Sample allocation by sector for TUS - 2017

Number of housing units
Sri Lanka 6,440
Urban 1,000
Rural 5,140
Estate 300

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The Survey was conducted in the same households of the fourth quarter Labour Force Survey (LFS) sample in 2017.
It was non-independent survey but consists with other two data collection instruments in PAPI method:
a) A household questionnaire
b) A time diary
with fourth quarter LFS 2017 questionnaire in CAPI method.
The household questionnaire was designed only for obtain information on the characteristics of the household. Because the LFS questionnaire collects background information about the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the respondent, such as their labour force status.
All household members who were age 10 years and above in the sample were provided a diary to record activities done in every 15 minutes within a period of 24 hours (day). It captures information on spending the time for main activity, simultaneous activity, where the activity takes place and with whom the activity takes place.

Cleaning operations
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The International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics (ICATUS 2016) has been developed based on internationally agreed concepts, definitions and principles in order to improve the consistency and international comparability of time use and other social and economic statistics. Reliable time use statistics have been critical for

(a) the measurement and analysis of quality of life or general well-being; (b) a more comprehensive measurement of all forms of work, including unpaid work and non-market production and the development of household production accounts; and (c) producing data for gender analysis for public policies. Hence, the importance of ICATUS link and consistency with the System of National Accounts (SNA) and the International Conference of Labour Statisticians (ICLS) definition and framework for statistics of work. Additionally, ICATUS will serve as an important input for monitoring progress made towards the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
ICATUS 2016 is a three-level hierarchical classification (composed of major divisions, divisions, and groups) of all possible activities undertaken by the general population during the 24 hours in a day.
1) The first level, one-digit code or "major division" represents the least detailed level or the broadest group of activities.
2) The second level, two-digit code or "division" represents more detailed activities than the preceding one
3) The third level, three-digit code or "group" is considered the most detailed level of the classification detailing specific activities.
The purpose of the classification is to provide a framework that can be used to produce meaningful and comparable statistics on time use across countries and over time.

An important aspect of the UN classification system is the fact that it matches the System of National Accounts (SNA), which forms the basis internationally for calculating gross domestic product (GDP). The classification is organized according to nine broad activity categories. These categories can be distinguished by the first digit of the three-digit activity code
The nine broad categories are as follows:
SNA Production Activities
1. Employment and related activities
2. Production of goods for own final use

Non -SNA Production Activities
3. Unpaid domestic services for household and family members
4. Unpaid caregiving services for household and family members
5. Unpaid volunteer, trainee and other unpaid work

Non-Productive Activities
6. Learning
7. Socializing and communication, community participation and religious practice
8. Culture, leisure, mass-media and sports practices
9. Self-care and maintenance

Activity categories 1-2, which are the two 'work' divisions referred to above, fall in the SNA production boundary. They would thus be 'counted' in national accounts and the GDP. The only exceptions are the codes for looking for work, and time spent on travelling related to SNA-type activity.
Activity categories 3-5, which cover unpaid household work and care work for household and family members and assistance to other households, fall outside the SNA general production boundary, although they are recognized as 'productive'. In this report they are referred to as non-SNA production Activities. The remaining activity categories are not covered by the SNA. These activities cannot be performed for a person by someone else - people cannot hire someone else to sleep, learn, or eat for them. They thus do not qualify as'work 'or 'production' terms of the „third-person rule. In this report they are referred to as non-productive activities.
Many of the tables in the report are organized according to either the nine categories, or the three SNA-related groupings of these categories.

Response rate
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Please refer page number 11 and 12 of annual report for Response rates.

摘要
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时间利用调查（TUS）是一项基于家庭的调查，旨在衡量和分析男女、女童和男童在指定时间段内从事不同活动所花费的时间。与其他调查数据相比，时间利用结果能够具体而全面地揭示个人日常生活的细节。时间利用调查的结果使人们能够识别所从事的活动、活动的执行方式以及完成这些活动所需的时间。
国家统计局部（DCS）于2017年首次进行了斯里兰卡国家时间利用统计调查。时间利用调查（TUS）的主要目标是衡量男性和女性在有偿和无偿活动中的参与度。此外，本报告还包含了关于家庭成员从事无偿护理、志愿工作和家务的信息。同时，还提供了10岁及以上斯里兰卡人在学习、社交、休闲活动和自我护理活动上花费时间的信息。
在本报告中，以下三个指标下的统计数据被估算。
1. 参与率
2. 从事不同活动的人均时间
3. 从事不同活动的人口人均时间

TUS是在2017年第四季度劳动力调查（LFS）样本的同一家庭中进行的。这是一项非独立调查，但在2017年第四季度LFS中实施了独立的日记和家庭模块。样本中的所有10岁及以上的家庭成员都获得了一份日记，用于记录在24小时（日）内每15分钟进行的活动。TUS样本涵盖了10岁及以上的家庭人口，因此代表了约1777万人。
活动分类
报告中的活动是根据国际时间利用统计活动分类（ICATUS 2016）进行编码的。ICATUS 2016基于国际上达成一致的概念、定义和原则，旨在提高时间利用和其他社会经济统计的一致性和国际可比性。可靠的时间利用统计数据对于以下方面至关重要：（a）生活质量或总体福祉的测量和分析；（b）更全面地衡量所有形式的工作，包括无偿工作和非市场生产以及家庭生产账户的发展；（c）为公共政策提供性别分析数据。因此，ICATUS与国民核算体系（SNA）和国际劳工统计大会（ICLS）的定义和统计工作框架的联系和一致性具有重要意义。此外，ICATUS还将作为监测实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）进展的重要输入。
ICATUS 2016是对一天24小时内所有可能活动进行的三级层次分类（由主要部门、部门和组组成）。
1）第一级，一位数代码或“主要部门”代表最不详细或最广泛的活动群体。
2）第二级，两位数代码或“部门”代表比前一级更详细的活动。
3）第三级，三位数代码或“组”被视为分类中最详细的一级，详细说明了具体活动。
分类的目的是提供一个框架，可用于产生跨国家和历史时期时间利用的有意义和可比的统计数据。
联合国分类体系的一个重要方面是它与国民核算体系（SNA）相匹配，这是国际上计算国内生产总值（GDP）的基础。分类是根据九个广泛的活动类别组织的。这些类别可以通过三位活动代码的第一位数字区分。
以下为九个广泛类别：
SNA生产活动
1. 就业及相关活动
2. 为自身最终使用生产商品
非-SNA生产活动
3. 为家庭和家庭成员提供无偿家务服务
4. 为家庭和家庭成员提供无偿护理服务
5. 无偿志愿者、实习生和其他无偿工作
非生产活动
6. 学习
7. 社交和沟通、社区参与和宗教实践
8. 文化、休闲、大众媒体和体育实践
9. 自我护理和维护
上述提到的两个“工作”部门的活动类别1-2属于SNA生产边界。因此，它们将被计入国家账户和GDP。唯一的例外是寻找工作的代码和与SNA类型活动相关的旅行时间。
涵盖无偿家务工作、为家庭和家庭成员提供护理工作以及为其他家庭提供帮助的活动类别3-5虽然被视为“生产性”的，但它们位于SNA一般生产边界之外。在本报告中，它们被称为非-SNA生产活动。其余的活动类别不属于SNA。这些活动不能由他人代替一个人完成——人们不能雇佣他人为自己睡觉、学习或进食。因此，它们在“第三人称规则”的意义上不构成‘工作’或‘生产’。在本报告中，它们被称为非生产活动。报告中的许多表格都是根据九个类别或这些类别的三个与SNA相关的分组组织。
响应率
请参阅年度报告的第11页和第12页以获取响应率。