Population Genetic Analysis of Chinese indigenous cattle

Chinese indigenous cattle (Bos taurus domesticus), as important livestock genetic resources, have developed rich local breed varieties through long-term natural selection and artificial domestication, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to diverse ecological environments, outstanding disease resistance, and unique production performance. These local breeds not only represent valuable germplasm resources for the sustainable development of China's animal husbandry but also provide ideal materials for studying the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of cattle species. This project focuses on indigenous cattle breeds from five representative regions in Sichuan Province (Pingchang Bashan cattle, Pingwu cattle, Yingjing cattle, Zhaojue Liangshan cattle, and Xuanhan cattle). By employing high-throughput sequencing technologies and population genetic analysis methods, we aim to systematically investigate the genetic diversity characteristics, population structure patterns, and adaptive evolutionary mechanisms of these local breeds. This dataset comprehensively includes genomic variation information of these indigenous yellow cattle breeds, comprising single nucleotide polymorphisms, structural variations, copy number variations, and insertion-deletion variations.