COVID Case series | OMI

This study aimed to investigate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of the COVID-19 patients and identify the biological markers and predictors of mortality among these patients. We have also assessed the therapeutic impact of different interventions in terms of disease severity amelioration and outcomes. Data Collection: Data were collected using the electronic health records, from baseline (time of admission) to death or discharge. The patient's demographic details, baseline comorbidities, radiographic findings, laboratory findings, COVID-19 associated symptoms, inpatient treatment against COVID-19, disease progression, complications and outcomes were recorded. Biochemical Assessments: Laboratory estimations, including CBC, creatinine, electrolytes, total bilirubin, ALT, AST, CPK, were assessed daily or every 2 to 3 days, based on the patient’s condition; CRP, D-dimer, ferritin, LDH, procalcitonin (PCT), Absolute Lymphocytic Count (ALC) & NLR were measured at baseline and at two days intervals. Pro-BNP was only measured among cases with suspected cardiac failure. Chest X-ray and ECG recordings were examined primarily on admission and then repeated as required depending on the abnormalities observed. HRCT scan was performed in all patients with dyspnea and SpO2 < 94% to monitor the radiological abnormalities. The scans were categorized as grade 1 for those with no chest X-ray findings, grade 2 where the chest X-ray had infiltrates involving < 50% of lung fields, grade 3 when the chest X-ray involved > 50% of lung fields, and grade 4 for those with bilateral opacities, not fully explained by volume overload, lobar or lung collapse, or nodules.本研究旨在探究新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）患者的临床与生化特征，并筛选该类患者的死亡生物学标志物及预测因素。同时，本研究还评估了不同干预措施对改善疾病严重程度及预后的治疗效果。 数据收集：研究数据来源于电子健康档案，采集时间范围为患者入院基线期至出院或死亡。记录内容涵盖患者人口统计学信息、基线合并症、影像学表现、实验室检查结果、COVID-19相关症状、住院期间抗新冠治疗方案、疾病进展情况、并发症及转归结局。 生化评估：根据患者病情，每日或每2~3天开展实验室检测项目，包括全血细胞计数（CBC）、肌酐、电解质、总胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酸磷酸激酶（CPK）；C反应蛋白（CRP）、D-二聚体、铁蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、降钙素原（PCT）、绝对淋巴细胞计数（ALC）及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）则于基线期及每2天检测一次。B型钠尿肽前体（Pro-BNP）仅对疑似心力衰竭患者进行检测。胸部X线片及心电图（ECG）主要于入院时完成评估，后续可根据异常发现按需复查。对于存在呼吸困难且脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）<94%的患者，均行高分辨率计算机断层扫描（HRCT）以监测影像学异常。该扫描结果分级如下：1级：无胸部X线异常表现；2级：胸部X线示浸润影累及肺野<50%；3级：胸部X线示浸润影累及肺野>50%；4级：出现双侧肺野致密影，且无法完全以容量负荷过重、肺叶/肺不张或结节性病变解释。