Deciphering Black Extrinsic Tooth Stains composition in Children using metaproteomics

The present study focuses on the use of a metaproteomic approach to analyse Black Extrinsic Tooth Stains, a specific type of pigmented extrinsic substance, in a cohort of 96 Children. Metaproteomics is a powerful emerging technology that successfully enabled human protein and bacterial identification of this specific dental biofilm using mass spectrometry. 1600 bacterial proteins were identified in black stains (BS) samples and 2058 proteins in dental plaque (DP) samples whereas 607 and 582 human proteins identified in (BS and DP, respectively). 132 genera bacteria in black stains and dental plaque were identified using phylopeptidomic analysis, showing prevalence of Rothia, Kingella, Nesseria and Pseudopropionibatcterium in black stains samples. We additionally confirmed the metaproteomic approach by performing 16S rRNA. In this work, we showed an interesting diversity of the microbiota and proteome including significant difference between Black stain and dental plaque samples.