Detection of Homocysteine and Cysteine

At elevated levels, homocysteine (Hcy, 1) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's
disease, neural tube defects, and osteoporosis. Both 1 and cysteine (Cys, 3) are linked to neurotoxicity.
The biochemical mechanisms by which 1 and 3 are involved in disease states are relatively unclear. Herein,
we describe simple methods for detecting either Hcy or Cys in the visible spectral region with the highest
selectivity reported to date without using biochemical techniques or preparative separations. Simple methods
and readily available reagents allow for the detection of Cys and Hcy in the range of their physiologically
relevant levels. New HPLC postcolumn detection methods for biological thiols are reported. The potential
biomedical relevance of the chemical mechanisms involved in the detection of 1 is described.