Proteome re-allocation in amino acid supplemented S. cerevisiae using TMT-based quantitative proteomics

In recent years, more attention in systems biology has been given to the concept of protein constraints and the cell’s necessity to allocate its proteome between important processes. From this point of view, attempts to elucidate cellular maximum capacity of growth as a function of protein availability has been investigated. Elucidating the possibility of optimizing cell proliferation, by tailoring proteome allocation. To experimentally investigate this concept further we cultivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae in bioreactors with or without amino acid supplementation and performed proteomics to analyze global changes in proteome allocation, during anaerobic as well as aerobic growth on glucose. Analysis of proteomic data implies that proteome mass is mainly being re-allocated from amino acid biosynthetic processes into translation, in regard to absolute levels of change, accompanied by an increased growth rate during supplementation. Similar findings were obtained from both aerobic and anaerobic cultivations, and subsequently independent of the two examined metabolic states. Indicating the possibility of increasing growth rate through freeing up proteome mass and increasing proteome allocation towards translational machinery.