Too late to brake or fake a crash

（1）The decision-making conditions were categorized into first-choice and second-choice based on whether or not subjects were required to decidewithin a specified period of time. In the first-choice condition, participants were allotted 2 seconds to make their decision. If they failed to select within this time frame, the experimental program would return to the video page and prompt them to make a new choice until they complied with the designated time limit. In contrast, the second-choice condition did not impose any time constraints.A one-sample t-test was conducted to confirm the impact of decision conditions on drivers' decision-making rates for both choices. The study revealed that nonprofessional drivers exhibited a significantly higher rate of aggressive decision-making for their first-choice t (29) = 2.688 (p < 0.05). Table 2 provides further information.(2) The formal experiment employed a 2×2 mixed design, examining the influence of right-of-way attitude and lane change time headway on driving decision rates.Right-of-way attitude (RWA) served as a between-subject variable. According to the scores of the DARQ scale, the participants were divided into two groups: a high-score group with 31 people and a low-score group with 31 people. An independent samples t-test confirmed the validity of this grouping, showing that the high subgroup of non-professional drivers' right-of-way attitude scores were significantly greater than those of the lower subgroupThe results of the repeated measures ANOVA show that non-professional driver decision-making is significantly affected by lane change time headway F (1, 60) = 5.999, ( p < 0.05, ηp2 = 0.091), right-of-way attitude F (1, 60) = 7.015, ( p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.105), and the interaction of lane change time headway and right-of-way attitude F (1, 60) = 8.383, ( p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.123).（3）The study utilized a 2×2 mixed design, incorporating the factors of right-of-way attitude (high RWA group vs. low RWA group) and lane change time headway (long vs. short), to assess their influence on the rate of aggressive driving decisions. According to the scores of the DARQ scale, the participants were divided into two groups.The results of the repeated measures ANOVA for the rate of aggressive decision-making among professional drivers indicated a significant main effect of lane change time headway F (1, 58) = 14.947, (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.205). The main effect of RWA was not significant; the interaction between lane change time headway and right-of-way attitude was not significant.