MASI

Provides the MASI (.osim) file that can be used in OpenSim.<br> The ‘Musculoskeletal model for the Analysis of Spinal Injury’ (MASI) wascreated in OpenSim (OpenSim 3.2, Simbios, Stanford, CA, USA) and Matlab software (Matlab 2013b, MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA).MASI inherited the structure of the OpenSim head and neck model (Vasavada Model) which we embedded into a full body model (‘2354’), and was implemented to provide, for the first time, the linkage between cervical spine, upper limb, torso and lower limbs. MASI comprises 35 rigid anatomical segments, 78 upper and lower cervical muscles divided into 19 muscle groups, along with 23 torque actuators representing lower and upper limb muscles’ actions. Motion between body segments was permitted via 34 joints and 30 kinematic constraints. To incorporate the effect of upper limb position, a new scapula-clavicular joint (SCJ) (combining the joint motions of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints) was developed and included in the MASI, replacing the welded scapula-clavicular joint of the original head and neck model. The model had 43 degrees of freedom, though these were reduced to 37 by locking the metatarsophalangeal and wrist joints into the neutral position.