Dataset for <b>Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Modulates Visual Thalamus in A Nonhuman Primate Model</b>

In these datasets, we applied low-intensity tFUS stimulation with a customized 128-element random array ultrasound transducer H275 (<i>f</i>0: 700 kHz) in a rhesus macaque monkey engaged in a simple visually-guided saccade task with tFUS stimuli only or hybrid stimuli (tFUS+visual stimul). The stimulation was guided stereotaxically to the frontal eye field (FEF), a region of frontal cortex that guides eye movements or to the thalamic regions, e.g., pulvinar or thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) . We recorded simultaneously from a 96-channel Utah array implanted in V4, a region of extrastriate visual cortex that receives feedback connections from FEF and visual thalamus, and from 12-channel scalp EEG through gold cup electrodes. The datasets here include scalp EEG and intracranial electrophysiological signals (local field potentials) were acquired with a Ripple recording system and Trellis software suite at a sampling frequency of 30 kHz with a bandpass filter of 0.3 Hz to 7.5 kHz set by the hardware.The monkey subject was trained to perform tasks while seated in front of a computer screen. If there were visual stimuli, a natural image was delivered on screen for 400 ms while the subject maintained fixation. A reward was provided if the subject maintain fixation for the full trial and then followed the fixation dot when it moved to a peripheral location. For hybrid stimulation sessions, 120 trials only with visual stimulation (400 ms) and 120 trials with concurrent visual and tFUS (400 ms) stimulation were mixed and randomly presented. For tFUS only seesions, following successful eye fixation, 120 trials without any stimulus and 120 trials with tFUS (400 ms) stimulation were mixed and randomly presented. By applying different stimulation paradigms and different ultrasound parameters, those generated EEG signals over the scalp and local field potentials (LFPs) at V4 were studied and compared.The shared datasets include 18 files originated from 6 experimental conditions. The events of visual stimuli and ultrasound stimuli are included in these files. Please see the <b>README</b> file for further information on how to load EEG and LFP data from each dataset. The name of each dataset is corresponding to the figure number as listed in the corresponding paper e-published by IEEE TBME and specific experimental paradigms and applied ultrasound stimulation parameters are all described in the figure captions in this manuscript:<b>Yu K and He B. </b><b>Transcranial focused ultrasound modulates visual thalamus in a nonhuman primate model</b><b>.</b><b> </b><b><i>IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.</i></b><b>, 2025.</b><b> </b><b>https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3554935</b><b>.</b>The nonhuman primate electrophysiological data were collected in Dr. Matthew Smith’s lab at Carnegie Mellon University. We would like to thank Dr. Matthew Smith for supporting the data collection in his laboratory, and Samantha Schmitt, Yunruo Ni and Emily Crane for their work in collecting the data.This work was supported in part by NIH grants RF1NS131069, U18EB029354, R01NS124564, and a Blueprint MedTech seedling Award 16741. Animal care and handling are according to the regulation of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Carnegie Mellon University and complied with National Institutes of Health guidelines.If anyone uses the whole or part of the dataset provided here, we kindly ask you to cite the above publication in any of your publications or presentations.本数据集采用定制化128元随机阵列超声换能器H275（中心频率$f_0$：700 kHz）实施低强度经颅聚焦超声（transcranial focused ultrasound, tFUS）刺激，实验对象为一只执行简单视觉引导眼跳任务的恒河猴，刺激方式分为单纯tFUS刺激与混合刺激（tFUS+视觉刺激）两类。 刺激靶点通过立体定位技术精准定位至额叶眼区（frontal eye field, FEF）——该皮层区域负责调控眼球运动——或丘脑区域，例如丘脑枕（pulvinar）或丘脑网状核（thalamic reticular nucleus, TRN）。 研究同时采集了两类信号：一是植入于V4区的96通道Utah阵列采集的颅内电生理信号（V4为纹外视觉皮层区域，接收来自FEF与视觉丘脑的反馈投射），二是通过金杯电极采集的12通道头皮脑电（electroencephalogram, EEG）信号。本数据集包含的头皮EEG与颅内局部场电位（local field potentials, LFP）信号，均采用Ripple记录系统与Trellis软件套件进行采集，采样频率为30 kHz，硬件设置的带通滤波范围为0.3 Hz至7.5 kHz。 实验猴在计算机屏幕前端坐时完成任务训练。若呈现视觉刺激，屏幕将展示自然图像400 ms，同时实验猴需维持注视。若实验猴在整个试次期间均保持注视，并在注视点移动至外周位置时完成眼动追踪，则将获得奖励。在混合刺激实验环节中，随机混合呈现120次仅视觉刺激（时长400 ms）试次与120次同时施加视觉刺激与tFUS刺激（时长400 ms）试次。在单纯tFUS刺激实验环节中，在实验猴成功完成注视后，随机混合呈现120次无任何刺激的试次与120次施加tFUS刺激（时长400 ms）的试次。 通过施加不同刺激范式与超声参数，本研究对头皮脑电信号以及V4区的局部场电位（LFP）信号进行了分析与对比。本共享数据集包含源自6种实验条件的18个数据文件，各文件中均包含视觉刺激事件与超声刺激事件的标注信息。如需了解如何从各数据集中加载EEG与LFP数据的详细说明，请参阅<b>README</b>文件。 各数据集的命名与对应发表论文中的图号一致，该论文已提前在线发表于《IEEE生物医学工程汇刊（IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, TBME）》，论文中所有实验范式与超声刺激参数均已在图注中详细说明：<b>Yu K与He B. </b><b>经颅聚焦超声在非人灵长类动物模型中调控视觉丘脑</b><b>.</b><b> </b><b><i>IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.</i></b><b>, 2025.</b><b> </b><b>https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3554935</b><b>.</b> 本非人灵长类动物电生理数据采集工作于卡内基梅隆大学（Carnegie Mellon University）Matthew Smith博士实验室完成。我们感谢Matthew Smith博士为数据采集工作提供实验室支持，同时感谢Samantha Schmitt、Yunruo Ni与Emily Crane在数据采集过程中付出的工作。本研究部分受美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health, NIH）资助项目RF1NS131069、U18EB029354、R01NS124564，以及Blueprint MedTech幼苗奖16741支持。动物饲养与操作严格遵循卡内基梅隆大学机构动物护理与使用委员会的相关规定，并符合美国国立卫生研究院的相关指南。 若任何个人或团队使用本数据集的全部或部分内容，恳请在其发表的论文或演示文稿中引用上述发表文献。