Americans and the Arts [1973 - 1992]

The Americans and the Arts study is a series of studies measuring participation in and attitudes about the arts and arts in education. In 1973 care was taken to avoid any bias in the wording or emphasis of the questions so that respondents would not feel pressure to provide "right" answers. A total of 3,005 personal interviews averaging one hour and thirty four minutes in length were conducted in January 1973. The 1975 Americans and the Arts collected data from 1,555 respondents in interviews conducted in June 1975. The Americans and the Arts 1980 collected data from 1,501 respondents between July 17 to July 28, 1980. The 1984 Americans and the Arts was administered to 1,504 respondents from March 5 to March 25, 1984. In 1987, in order to determine which adult member of the household will be interviewed, the interviewer asked for one of the following household members, in order of priority: youngest adult male at home, next youngest adult male at home, youngest adult female at home, or next youngest adult female at home. This survey was administered to 1,501 respondents selected from March 13 to April 6, 1987. For the 1992 study, "Frankel-Goldstein grids" were attached to the backs of cards for interviewers to use to select an adult if there is more than one in the household. An M or F designation was put on the front of the cards at a 66/33 ratio to help the completed interviews fall out 48 percent male and 52 percent female. Interviewers used this designation to determine which respondent to select if there is an eligible respondent of each sex residing in the household. This survey was administered to 1,500 adults from February 6 to February 25, 1992. The 1973 and 1975 surveys look at topics including childhood arts exposure, current arts participation, leisure activities, and attitudes regarding arts and arts funding. The 1980, 1984, 1987, and 1992 Americans the Arts measured topics including attendance, participation, art, and education, funding, individual artists, TV and the arts, children and the arts, and support for the arts. Survey sampling differences preclude comparisons with measures of arts participation between the 1973 and 1975 Americans and the Arts studies which used face-to-face interviewing and the 1980, 1984, 1987, and 1992 studies which used computer-assisted telephone interviewing.

《美国与艺术》研究系列旨在衡量公众对艺术及其在教育中的态度和参与度。在1973年，研究人员精心设计问卷措辞和强调点，以确保受访者不会感受到提供“正确”答案的压力。1973年1月，共进行了3,005次个人访谈，平均时长为一小时三十四分钟。1975年的《美国与艺术》研究收集了1,555名受访者在1975年6月的访谈数据。1980年的《美国与艺术》研究在1980年7月17日至7月28日间收集了1,501名受访者的数据。1984年的《美国与艺术》研究在1984年3月5日至3月25日间对1,504名受访者进行了调查。1987年，为确定家中哪位成年成员将被访谈，调查员会按照以下优先顺序询问家庭成员：家中最年轻的成年男性、次年轻的成年男性、家中最年轻的成年女性或次年轻的成年女性。1987年3月13日至4月6日间，对1,501名受访者进行了此调查。1992年的研究中，调查员在卡片背面附上了“Frankel-Goldstein网格”，以便在家庭成员中有多位成年人的情况下选择一位。卡片正面以66/33的比例标注了M或F，以帮助完成访谈的样本中男女比例达到48%和52%。调查员使用这一标注来确定在家庭中有合格受访者的情况下选择哪位受访者。此调查于1992年2月6日至2月25日对1,500名成年人进行。1973年和1975年的调查涵盖了儿童艺术接触、当前艺术参与、休闲活动以及关于艺术和艺术资助的态度等主题。1980年、1984年、1987年和1992年的《美国与艺术》研究则测量了包括出席、参与、艺术、教育、资助、个人艺术家、电视与艺术、儿童与艺术以及对艺术的支持等主题。由于调查抽样方法的不同，无法将1973年和1975年的《美国与艺术》研究（使用面对面访谈）与1980年、1984年、1987年和1992年的研究（使用计算机辅助电话访谈）在艺术参与度测量上进行比较。