Qilian Mountains integrated observatory network: Dataset of the Heihe River Basin integrated observatory network (automatic weather station of Huazhaizi desert steppe station, 2018)

This dataset includes data recorded by the Heihe integrated observatory network obtained from the automatic weather station (AWS) at the observation system of Meteorological elements gradient of Huazhaizi desert steppe station from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The site (100.3201°E, 38.7659°N) was located on a desert steppe surface in the Huazhaizi, which is near Zhangye city, Gansu Province. The elevation is 1731 m. The installation heights and orientations of different sensors and measured quantities were as follows: air temperature and humidity profile (HMP45AC; 5 and 10 m, north), wind speed and direction profile (windsonic; 5 and 10 m, north), air pressure (CS100; 2 m), rain gauge (TE525M; 10 m), four-component radiometer (CNR1; 6 m, south), two infrared temperature sensors (SI-111; 6 m, south, vertically downward), soil heat flux (HFP01; 3 duplicates, -0.06 m), soil temperature profile (109ss-L; 0, -0.02, -0.04, -0.1, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -1.0 m), soil moisture profile (ML3; -0.02, -0.04, -0.1, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -1.0 m).The observations included the following: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5 m and Ta_10 m; RH_5 m and RH_10 m) (℃ and %, respectively), wind speed (Ws_5 m and Ws_10 m) (m/s), wind direction (WD_5 m and WD_10 m) (°), air pressure (press) (hpa), precipitation (rain) (mm), four-component radiation (DR, incoming shortwave radiation; UR, outgoing shortwave radiation; DLR_Cor, incoming longwave radiation; ULR_Cor, outgoing longwave radiation; Rn, net radiation) (W/m^2), infrared temperature (IRT_1 and IRT_2) (℃), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, and Gs_3) (W/m^2), soil temperature (Ts_0 cm, Ts_2 cm, Ts_4 cm, Ts_10 cm, Ts_20 cm, Ts_40 cm, Ts_60 cm, Ts_100 cm) (℃), soil moisture (Ms_2 cm, Ms_4 cm, Ms_10 cm, Ms_20 cm, Ms_40 cm, Ms_60 cm, Ms_100 cm) (%).The data processing and quality control steps were as follows: (1) The AWS data were averaged over intervals of 10 min for a total of 144 records per day. The missing data were denoted by -6999. Due to the malfunction of soil moisture sensor, data during 1.1-1.7, 8.22-8.31, and 9.4-9.12 were missing; (2) Data in duplicate records were rejected. (3) Unphysical data were rejected. (4) The data marked in red are problematic data. (5) The format of the date and time was unified, and the date and time were collected in the same column, for example, date and time: 2018-6-10 10:30. (6) Finally, the naming convention was AWS+ site no. Moreover, suspicious data were marked in red.For more information, please refer to Liu et al. (2018) (for sites information), Liu et al. (2011) for data processing) in the Citation section.

本数据集收录了2018年1月1日至12月31日期间，由黑河综合观测网络记录的自动气象站（AWS）在花.zaízi沙漠草原气象要素梯度观测站的气象要素数据。该观测站（经度100.3201°E，纬度38.7659°N）位于甘肃省张掖市附近的花.zaízi沙漠草原表面，海拔高度为1731米。不同传感器的安装高度和朝向以及测量参数如下：空气温度和湿度剖面（HMP45AC；5米和10米，朝北），风速和风向剖面（windsonic；5米和10米，朝北），空气压力（CS100；2米），雨量计（TE525M；10米），四通道辐射计（CNR1；6米，朝南），两个红外温度传感器（SI-111；6米，朝南，垂直向下），土壤热通量（HFP01；3个副本，-0.06米），土壤温度剖面（109ss-L；0米，-0.02米，-0.04米，-0.1米，-0.2米，-0.4米，-0.6米，-1.0米），土壤湿度剖面（ML3；-0.02米，-0.04米，-0.1米，-0.2米，-0.4米，-0.6米，-1.0米）。观测数据包括以下内容：空气温度和湿度（Ta_5米和Ta_10米；RH_5米和RH_10米）（摄氏度和百分比，分别），风速（Ws_5米和Ws_10米）（米/秒），风向（WD_5米和WD_10米）（度），空气压力（press）（百帕），降水量（rain）（毫米），四通道辐射（DR，入射短波辐射；UR，出射短波辐射；DLR_Cor，入射长波辐射；Ulr_Cor，出射长波辐射；Rn，净辐射）（瓦/平方米），红外温度（IRT_1和IRT_2）（摄氏度），土壤热通量（Gs_1，Gs_2，和Gs_3）（瓦/平方米），土壤温度（Ts_0厘米，Ts_2厘米，Ts_4厘米，Ts_10厘米，Ts_20厘米，Ts_40厘米，Ts_60厘米，Ts_100厘米）（摄氏度），土壤湿度（Ms_2厘米，Ms_4厘米，Ms_10厘米，Ms_20厘米，Ms_40厘米，Ms_60厘米，Ms_100厘米）（百分比）。数据处理和质量控制步骤如下：（1）AWS数据以10分钟为间隔进行平均，每天总计144条记录。缺失数据用-6999表示；由于土壤湿度传感器故障，1月1日至1月7日、8月22日至8月31日以及9月4日至9月12日间的数据缺失；（2）重复记录的数据被拒绝；（3）非物理数据被拒绝；（4）标红的数据存在问题；（5）日期和时间格式统一，日期和时间收集在同一列中，例如，日期和时间：2018-6-10 10:30；（6）最终，数据命名规范为AWS+站点编号，同时可疑数据以红色标记。更多详细信息，请参阅引用部分的Liu等（2018）（关于站点信息），Liu等（2011）（关于数据处理）。